B.V. RAJU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
OPEN CHANNEL FLOW AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
II Year B. Tech. CE - II Semester
OBJECTIVES:
Unit-I
Open channel flow: Types of flows – Type of channels – Velocity distribution – Energy and momentum correction factors – Chezy’s, Manning’s; and Bazin formulae for uniform flow – Most Economical sections. Critical flow: Specific energy-critical depth – computation of critical depth – critical sub-critical – super critical flows
Non-uniform flows –Dynamic equation for G.V.F., Mild, Critical, Steep, horizontal and adverse slopes-surface profiles-direct step method- Rapidly varied flow, hydraulic jump, energy dissipation.
Unit-II
Dimensional analysis and similitude: Dimensional analysis-Rayleigh’s method and Buckingham’s pi theorem- study of Hydraulic models – Geometric, kinematic and dynamic similarities-dimensionless numbers – model and prototype relations.
Unit-III
Hydrodynamic Force on Jets: Hydrodynamic force of jets on stationary and moving flat, inclined and curved vanes, jet striking centrally and at tip, velocity triangles at inlet and outlet, expressions for work done and efficiency-Angular Momentum principle, Applications to radical flow turbines. Layout of a typical Hydropower installation – Heads and efficiencies
Unit-IV
Hydraulic Turbines: Classification of turbines, Pelton wheel, Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine - working, working proportions, velocity diagram, work done and efficiency, hydraulic design, draft tube – theory and functions efficiency.
Governing of turbines-surge tanks-unit and specific turbines-unit speed-unit quantity-unit power-specific speed performance characteristics-geometric similarity - cavitations.
Unit-V
Centrifugal-Pumps: Pump installation details-classification-work done- Monomeric head-minimum starting speed-losses and efficiencies-specific speed multistage pumps-pumps in parallel-performance of pumps-characteristic curves- NPSH-cavitation.
Classification of Hydropower plants – Definition of terms-load factor, utilization factor, capacity factor, estimation of hydropower potential.
OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:
OPEN CHANNEL FLOW AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
II Year B. Tech. CE - II Semester
OBJECTIVES:
- To know about flows in open channels, concepts oriented to Non-uniform flows and Dimensional analysis and similitude.
- To understand concepts of Hydrodynamic force of jets and Angular Momentum principle which are applied to radical flow turbines.
- To know the principles behind Hydraulic Turbines and Centrifugal-Pumps.
Unit-I
Open channel flow: Types of flows – Type of channels – Velocity distribution – Energy and momentum correction factors – Chezy’s, Manning’s; and Bazin formulae for uniform flow – Most Economical sections. Critical flow: Specific energy-critical depth – computation of critical depth – critical sub-critical – super critical flows
Non-uniform flows –Dynamic equation for G.V.F., Mild, Critical, Steep, horizontal and adverse slopes-surface profiles-direct step method- Rapidly varied flow, hydraulic jump, energy dissipation.
Unit-II
Dimensional analysis and similitude: Dimensional analysis-Rayleigh’s method and Buckingham’s pi theorem- study of Hydraulic models – Geometric, kinematic and dynamic similarities-dimensionless numbers – model and prototype relations.
Unit-III
Hydrodynamic Force on Jets: Hydrodynamic force of jets on stationary and moving flat, inclined and curved vanes, jet striking centrally and at tip, velocity triangles at inlet and outlet, expressions for work done and efficiency-Angular Momentum principle, Applications to radical flow turbines. Layout of a typical Hydropower installation – Heads and efficiencies
Unit-IV
Hydraulic Turbines: Classification of turbines, Pelton wheel, Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine - working, working proportions, velocity diagram, work done and efficiency, hydraulic design, draft tube – theory and functions efficiency.
Governing of turbines-surge tanks-unit and specific turbines-unit speed-unit quantity-unit power-specific speed performance characteristics-geometric similarity - cavitations.
Unit-V
Centrifugal-Pumps: Pump installation details-classification-work done- Monomeric head-minimum starting speed-losses and efficiencies-specific speed multistage pumps-pumps in parallel-performance of pumps-characteristic curves- NPSH-cavitation.
Classification of Hydropower plants – Definition of terms-load factor, utilization factor, capacity factor, estimation of hydropower potential.
OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:
- Know the flows patterns in open channels, calculate discharge using different formulas and find Critical flow, Specific energy and critical depth.
- Understand dimensional analysis and study of Hydraulic models.
- Understand the concept of Hydrodynamic Force on Jets which is used in determination of efficiencies of turbines.
- Know different types of turbines and centrifugal Pumps and their speed and efficiencies.
- Know different stages involved Hydropower plant.
TEXT BOOKS:
- Open Channel flow by K.Subramanya. Tata Mc.Grawhill Publishers.
- Fluid Mechanics, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Machines by Modi & Seth, Standard book house.
- Fluid Mechanics & Fluid Machines by Narayana Pillai, Universities press.
PREFERENCES:
- A Text of Fluid mechanics and hydraulic machines by Dr.R.K.Bansal – Laxmi Publications (P) ltd., New Delhi
- Elements of Open channel flow by Ranga Raju, Tata Mc.Graw Hill, Publications
- Fluid mechanics and hydraulic machines by Rajput, S.Chand & Co.
- Open Channel Flow by V.T.Chow, Mc.Graw Hill book company.
- Fluid mechanics and Machinery by D. Ramdurgaia New Age Publications
